STS-135

STS-135
The skeletal formula of STS-135
Chemical Nomenclature
Substitutive name	STS-135, 5F-APICA
Systematic name	N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamide
Routes of Administration
Smoked Dosage WARNING: Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. See responsible use section. DISCLAIMER: PW's dosage information is a summary of data gathered from users and resources. It is not a recommendation and should be verified with other sources for accuracy. Threshold < 0.5 mg Light 0.5 - 1.5 mg Common 0.5 - 2 mg Strong 3 - 4 mg Heavy > 4 mg Duration Total 30 - 60 minutes Onset 0 - 20 minutes Peak 10 - 30 minutes Offset 5 - 10 minutes Afterglow 15 - 30 minutes

Summary sheet: STS-135

STS-135 (also called N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamide or 5F-APICA) is a drug that acts as a potent agonist for the cannabinoid receptors which produces subjective effects somewhat similar to that of cannabis with a short duration and an emphasis on intense physical sensations. There is very little information regarding the pharmacology of this compound within the scientific literature. Despite this, however, it is available for sale as a grey area research chemical through online vendors.

Chemistry

STS-135, or N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indole-3-carboxamide, is a synthetic cannabinoid drug containing a substituted indole group. This indole moeity is substituted at R₁ with a fluoropentyl chain, a substitution shared with 5F-PB-22, THJ-2201, and 5F-AKB-48. Additionally, the indole is substituted at R₃ with a carboxamide group. This carboxamide group is N-substituted at its terminal amine group with an adamantane group. This group consists of four fused cyclohexane rings in a unique structure called a diamondoid. STS-135 is an analog of 5F-AKB-48 in which the core indazole structure is substituted with an indole base.

Pharmacology

Although this substance has not been formally studied, from analysis of the structure, it is presumed that STS-135 has a similar binding profile to that of other cannabinoids and matches many of the in vivo properties of Δ9-THC.

Formal studies have demonstrated that STS-135 acts a potent cannabinoid receptor agonist in vitro with an EC50 of 51 nM for human CB2 receptors and 13 nM for human CB1 receptors. STS-135 produces bradycardia and hypothermia in rats at doses of 1-10 mg/kg, suggesting cannabinoid-like activity. However, the role of these interactions and how they result in the cannabinoid high experience continues to remain elusive.

Subjective effects

The effects listed below are based upon the subjective effects index and personal experiences of PsychonautWiki contributors. The listed effects will rarely (if ever) occur all at once, but heavier dosages will increase the chances and are more likely to induce a full range of effects.

Physical effects

• Spontaneous tactile sensations - The "body high" of STS-135 can be described as a sharp, uncomfortable, all-encompassing, electric tingling sensation that spreads over the body after initial ingestion. It maintains a consistent presence that quickly rises with the onset and hits its limit once the peak has been reached before immediately dissipating.
• Motor control loss - This substance causes a partial to moderate suppression of motor control which intensifies proportional to dose, but rarely results in a complete inability to walk and perform basic movements.
• Appetite enhancement - As with many other cannabinoids, STS-135 causes an increase in appetite, known colloquially as "the munchies" in popular American and United Kingdom culture. Clinical studies and survey data have found that cannabis increases food enjoyment and interest in food. This is thought to be due to the way in which endocannabinoids in the hypothalamus activate cannabinoid receptors that are responsible for maintaining food intake.
• Pain relief - Cannabinoids have been clinically demonstrated to provide pain relief via agonism of cannabinoid receptors CB₁ and CB₂, which extends to synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists.
• Perception of increased weight or Perception of decreased weight
• Changes in gravity
• Dehydration- This is known colloquially as "cotton mouth" in popular American and United Kingdom culture.
• Vasodilation

Cognitive effects

• Anxiety - In comparison to other cannabinoids, this compound is particularly prone to inducing feelings of anxiety and it should therefore be avoided by people who are particularly prone to this state of mind.
• Paranoia
• Current mind state enhancement
• Thought connectivity
• Thought deceleration
• Conceptual thinking
• Mindfulness
• Information processing suppression
• Dream suppression

Auditory effects

• Enhancements

Toxicity and harm potential

Since STS-135 is a relatively new substance, there is very little data available about its toxicity or addiction potential. Informal experiments have shown that overdose will cause physical discomfort including heart palpitations, vertigo and sedation at much lower than dangerous doses, usually causing the user to fall asleep.

As the material is active in the milligram range, it is important to remain vigilant when dosing as to avoid a negative experience.

Legal issues

STS-135 was developed to bypass drug prohibition laws which have banned the possession and sale of many synthetic cannabinoids. As such, it remains legal in most of the world. This means that it is not known to be specifically illegal within any country, but people may still be charged for its possession under certain circumstances such as under analogue laws and with intent to sell or consume.

• Germany: On December 13, 2014 STS-135 was added to the controlled substance act ("BtMG"), making it illegal to produce, sell or possess.
• Latvia: STS-135 is a Schedule I drug.

See also

• Responsible use
• Cannabis
• Cannabinoid
• JWH-018
• AB-FUBINACA
• THJ-018